The film grain effect refers to the textured appearance in photos or videos, resembling tiny specks or granules. This effect is closely associated with analog photography and film production. Several factors contribute to film grain:

• Film Type – Different film stocks had varying grain sizes, impacting image quality. High ISO (light sensitivity) films produced larger grains, which were useful in low-light conditions but could affect clarity.
• Exposure Levels – Overexposing film could increase the visibility of grain in the final image.
• Processing and Scanning – Chemical development and scanning techniques influenced the texture and visibility of film grain.

While modern digital cameras rarely struggle with grain in the same way as analog technology, many filmmakers intentionally add grain for artistic purposes, recreating the look of classic film photography. Whether for nostalgia or a cinematic feel, the film grain effect remains a powerful stylistic tool in visual storytelling.